1. What Is Colorectal Cancer?

Colorectal cancer begins in the tissues of the colon (large intestine) or rectum. It often develops from polyps, benign growths that can become malignant over time. Most CRC cases are diagnosed in individuals over 50, but the incidence among younger patients has been rising in recent years.

Fact: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), colorectal cancer ranks third in prevalence among all cancers globally.

2. Main Causes and Risk Factors

2.1. Genetic Factors

• Hereditary predisposition plays a significant role in CRC development.
• Lynch syndrome and familial adenomatous polyposis significantly increase CRC risk.
• Mutations in genes like APC, KRAS, and TP53 are associated with cancer cell development.

2.2. Diet and Lifestyle

• Consumption of red and processed meats increases the risk of CRC.
• A low-fiber diet slows food passage through the gut, leading to toxin accumulation.
• Smoking and alcohol consumption are also major risk factors.

2.3. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

• Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are linked to chronic inflammation, increasing the likelihood of cell mutations.

2.4. Obesity and Sedentary Lifestyle

• Obesity raises CRC risk due to hormonal changes and inflammation.
• Physical inactivity slows metabolic processes in the intestine.

3. Symptoms of Colorectal Cancer

3.1. Changes in Bowel Habits

• Diarrhea or constipation.
• Changes in stool shape or size (e.g., pencil-thin stools).

3.2. Blood in Stool

• The presence of blood, especially dark or clotted, is a warning sign.

3.3. Abdominal Pain

• Persistent pain or discomfort associated with bloating.

3.4. Weight Loss

• Unintentional weight loss without apparent cause.

3.5. Fatigue and Anemia

• Tiredness and pale skin caused by iron deficiency due to chronic blood loss.

How Ultra-Processed Food Fuels the Rising Threat of Colorectal Cancer

Modern diets are increasingly dominated by ultra-processed foods—convenient, tasty, but potentially harmful to health. Scientific research shows that frequent consumption of such foods with a lot of cooking oils can increase the risk of developing colorectal cancer, one of the most common cancers worldwide.

What Is Ultra-Processed Food?

Ultra-processed food refers to products that undergo significant industrial processing, contain numerous additives, and often have minimal natural ingredients. Examples of these foods include:

• Soft drinks.
• Fast food.
• Packaged snacks.
• Frozen ready-to-eat meals.
• Foods high in sugar, salt, or artificial flavors.

The processing involves refined ingredients, preservatives, cooking oils, stabilizers, and colorants, making these products more appealing but less nutritious.

How Does Ultra-Processed Food Affect the Body?

Numerous studies suggest that regular consumption of ultra-processed foods can lead to the following effects:

1. Inflammation: Chemical additives and low nutritional value contribute to chronic inflammation, a known risk factor for cancer.
2. Gut Microbiome Disruption: Artificial components can disturb the balance of beneficial gut bacteria, weakening immune defenses.
3. Excess Calories: High levels of sugar, fat, and salt increase the risk of obesity, closely linked to colorectal cancer.
4. Carcinogenic Compounds: Certain additives and products of heat processing may contain substances that promote cell mutations.

Groundbreaking Research Exposes the Danger of Ultra-Processed Food in Colorectal Cancer

A 2022 study published in BMJ found that men who consumed the most ultra-processed foods had a 29% higher risk of developing colorectal cancer compared to those who consumed them less frequently. For women, the association exists but is less pronounced.

Other studies reveal that the risk increases due to regular consumption of foods rich in trans fats, nitrates, and acrylamide—compounds formed during intensive heat processing.

Experts from the University of South Florida and Tampa General Hospital Cancer Institute Uncover Insights from 100 Tumor Samples

Researchers from the University of South Florida and the Tampa General Hospital Cancer Institute conducted a groundbreaking study analyzing over 100 tumor samples from patients with colorectal cancer. The study aimed to identify the relationship between a diet rich in ultra-processed foods and the biological characteristics of tumors.

Key Findings of the Study:

1. Molecular Changes: Patients who regularly consumed ultra-processed foods showed increased expression of genes associated with inflammatory processes in the intestinal tissues.
2. Microbiome Disruption: Tumors in these patients exhibited reduced levels of beneficial bacteria, such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, which are crucial for protecting the intestinal mucosa.
3. Carcinogenic Markers: High concentrations of acrylamides and nitrates—compounds found in ultra-processed foods with carcinogenic properties—were detected in the samples.
4. Survival Outcomes: Patients with high consumption of ultra-processed foods had a 20% lower five-year survival rate compared to those who followed a healthy diet.

Statistical Analysis in Table Form:

How to Reduce the Risk?

To prevent colorectal cancer, it is essential to reduce the intake of ultra-processed foods and replace them with natural alternatives:

1. Choose Whole Foods: Prioritize fresh fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes.
2. Cook at Home: Preparing meals at home allows for better control over ingredient quality and avoids harmful additives.
3. Limit Processed Meat: Minimize the consumption of sausages, bacon, and processed meats, which are sources of carcinogens.
4. Read Labels: Avoid products with long ingredient lists, especially those with incomprehensible names.

4. Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer

4.1. Screening Tests

• Colonoscopy is the gold standard for detecting and removing polyps.
• Fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) is used to detect hidden blood in stool.

4.2. Imaging Techniques

• CT and MRI scans help assess cancer spread.

4.3. Biopsy

• Tissue samples are examined to confirm the diagnosis and tumor type.

4.4. Genetic Testing

• Used to evaluate hereditary risk factors.

5. Treatment of Colorectal Cancer

5.1. Surgical Intervention

• Resection of the affected intestinal segment is the primary treatment for early stages.

5.2. Radiation Therapy

• Reduces tumor size before surgery or destroys remaining cancer cells afterward.

5.3. Chemotherapy

• Drugs like 5-fluorouracil target rapidly dividing cancer cells.

5.4. Immunotherapy

• Medications like checkpoint inhibitors (e.g., pembrolizumab) enhance the immune system’s ability to fight cancer.

6. Prevention

• Balanced Diet: Consume vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and limit processed meats.
• Physical Activity: Regular exercise reduces risk by 20–30%.
• Avoid Harmful Habits: Quit smoking and reduce alcohol intake.
• Screening: Regular tests after age 50 or earlier for those with hereditary risk.

7. Prognosis

Prognosis depends on the stage of the disease at diagnosis:

• Early Stages (I–II): 5-year survival rate exceeds 90%.
• Advanced Stages (III–IV): Prognosis worsens, but modern treatments improve survival.

Conclusion

Colorectal cancer is a serious condition that can be prevented and successfully treated with early diagnosis. Knowing the symptoms of colorectal cancer, risk factors, and treatment options can help reduce mortality and improve patients’ quality of life.

While ultra-processed food is convenient and accessible, excessive consumption can have serious health consequences. Colorectal cancer is just one of many issues linked to these products. A balanced diet rich in natural ingredients is key to maintaining health and reducing the risk of cancer.

The post Colorectal Cancer. How Ultra-Processed Food is Rising Threat of Colorectal Cancer. first appeared on Medhouse.info.

1. Dietary Adjustments

• Increase Fiber Intake: Include fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes in your diet. Fiber stimulates bowel movements and facilitates easier defecation.
• Hydration: Drink at least 1.5–2 liters of water daily, as dehydration can worsen constipation.
• Avoid Processed Foods: Fast food, sweets, and high-fat products contribute to stool retention.

2. Physical Activity

• Regular exercises such as walking, yoga, or swimming improve blood circulation in the abdominal area and stimulate bowel function.
• Morning stretches or light exercises after waking up can help activate bowel movements.

3. Use of Probiotics

• Probiotics (e.g., yogurt or kefir) help restore healthy gut flora, positively impacting bowel function.
• Beneficial bacteria aid in stool softening and promote regular bowel movements.

4. Natural Laxatives

• Flax Seeds: Add 1–2 tablespoons of ground flaxseeds to yogurt or smoothies.
• Prunes: Consuming 5–7 prunes daily effectively stimulates the bowel.
• Vegetable Broths and Herbal Teas: Chamomile or peppermint tea can help relax the bowel.

5. Medications

• Use gentle laxatives prescribed by a doctor if necessary.
• Avoid long-term use of laxatives without medical advice to prevent dependency.

6. Stress Reduction

• Stress can worsen bowel function. Relaxation practices like meditation or deep breathing can improve the condition.

When to See a Doctor

• If constipation persists for more than three weeks.
• If constipation is accompanied by severe pain, bleeding, or weight loss.
• If home remedies fail to provide relief.

Conclusion

Treatment of constipation requires a comprehensive approach, including dietary changes, an active lifestyle, and, if necessary, medication. Regular attention to bowel health helps maintain overall well-being and prevents digestive issues.

Treatment of Constipation: Effective Ways to Relieve Discomfort

Constipation is a common digestive issue characterized by infrequent or difficult bowel movements, often accompanied by bloating, discomfort, or a feeling of incomplete evacuation. While occasional constipation is usually harmless, chronic constipation can significantly impact quality of life and may indicate underlying health problems. Understanding the causes and adopting effective treatment methods is essential for relieving symptoms and restoring normal bowel function.

The treatment of constipation typically begins with lifestyle and dietary modifications. A key factor in promoting regular bowel movements is increasing dietary fiber intake. Fiber adds bulk to the stool, making it easier to pass. Foods rich in fiber include fruits (such as apples, pears, and berries), vegetables (like broccoli, carrots, and leafy greens), whole grains, nuts, and seeds. Gradually increasing fiber intake can prevent discomfort from gas and bloating, which may occur with a sudden dietary change.

Staying hydrated is equally important, as water helps soften stool and promotes regular bowel movements. Dehydration can contribute to constipation by causing the colon to absorb too much water from the stool, making it hard and difficult to pass. Adults should aim for at least 8 glasses of water daily, and more if they are physically active or live in a hot climate.

Regular physical activity can stimulate intestinal movement and improve digestion. Exercises such as walking, jogging, yoga, or even gentle stretching can help alleviate constipation by encouraging the natural contractions of the intestines. Incorporating at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise into your daily routine can significantly benefit bowel health.

Establishing a consistent bathroom routine is another effective strategy. Allowing enough time for a relaxed and unhurried visit to the restroom can help train the body to have regular bowel movements. Ignoring the urge to go can lead to harder stools and make constipation worse.

For those who continue to experience symptoms despite lifestyle changes, over-the-counter remedies may provide relief. Bulk-forming laxatives like psyllium or methylcellulose add fiber and water to the stool, making it easier to pass. Osmotic laxatives, such as polyethylene glycol or magnesium hydroxide, draw water into the colon, softening stool and promoting bowel movements. Stimulant laxatives, such as bisacodyl or senna, stimulate intestinal contractions but should only be used occasionally to avoid dependence. Stool softeners, such as docusate sodium, can be helpful for individuals with hard stools or those recovering from surgery.

Natural remedies may also be effective for mild constipation. Prunes and prune juice contain fiber and natural laxatives like sorbitol, which can help stimulate bowel movements. Warm beverages, such as herbal teas or a glass of warm water with lemon, may relax the digestive system and encourage movement. Probiotics, found in foods like yogurt or supplements, can improve gut health and regularity by balancing intestinal bacteria.

For individuals with chronic or severe constipation, it is important to identify and address any underlying causes. Conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), hypothyroidism, diabetes, or neurological disorders can contribute to constipation. Certain medications, including opioids, antacids containing aluminum or calcium, and some antidepressants, may also cause constipation as a side effect. Consulting a healthcare provider can help determine the root cause and guide appropriate treatment.

In some cases, prescription medications may be required. Drugs like lubiprostone or linaclotide are designed to increase fluid secretion in the intestines, making it easier to pass stool. These medications are typically used for chronic constipation that does not respond to over-the-counter treatments.

If constipation becomes severe and unresponsive to other treatments, more intensive measures may be needed. Manual disimpaction or enemas can provide immediate relief for impacted stool. In rare cases, surgical intervention may be required for conditions like bowel obstruction or rectal prolapse.

Preventing constipation is often easier than treating it. Maintaining a balanced diet rich in fiber, staying well-hydrated, exercising regularly, and managing stress are essential steps for long-term digestive health. It is also important to monitor bowel habits and seek medical advice if there are persistent changes, such as blood in the stool, unexplained weight loss, or severe abdominal pain, as these may indicate more serious conditions.

In conclusion, the treatment of constipation involves a combination of dietary, lifestyle, and medical interventions tailored to the individual’s needs. By adopting healthy habits and addressing underlying causes, most people can effectively manage constipation and improve their overall quality of life. For those with chronic symptoms, partnering with a healthcare provider can ensure comprehensive care and long-term relief.

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